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Ada Palmer – Machiavelli is the most misunderstood thinker of all time

16 Jun 2026 20 published claims 2 attributable people

Speakers in the public record

Claim mix

evaluation 7observation 3belief 3prediction 3commitment 2uncertainty 2

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The useful parts, with receipts.

20 published records

01 / observation

Machiavelli, in an interesting way, anticipates this, because Machiavelli says, “All institutions are gradually corrupted and need to be reformed and returned to their foundations, or they will collapse under the weight of their corruption.

“Machiavelli, in an interesting way, anticipates this, because Machiavelli says, “All institutions are gradually corrupted and need to be reformed and returned to their foundations, or they will collapse under the weight of their corruption.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

02 / observation

Florence’s tactic is: if someone is invading the area, can we bribe them? Because paying somebody to not attack you is a much more surefire thing than preparing to actually fight against them.

“Florence’s tactic is: if someone is invading the area, can we bribe them? Because paying somebody to not attack you is a much more surefire thing than preparing to actually fight against them.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

04 / commitment

You must appoint your illegitimate son to command your armies, because your illegitimate son will never betray you, and we will know we can trust the papal armies not to turn on Rome if the Pope’s son is the commander.

“You must appoint your illegitimate son to command your armies, because your illegitimate son will never betray you, and we will know we can trust the papal armies not to turn on Rome if the Pope’s son is the commander.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

06 / belief

I think he says at some point early in the Discourses that more significant than Romulus in the founding of Rome was Numa, or whoever it was who was the prophet who gave the Roman gods and the Roman religion some legitimacy.

“I think he says at some point early in the Discourses that more significant than Romulus in the founding of Rome was Numa, or whoever it was who was the prophet who gave the Roman gods and the Roman religion some legitimacy.”
Speaker
Dwarkesh Patel
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

09 / belief

I think for us, some of the orgies and massacres stand out more because we don’t have as many orgies and massacres now, or at least not publicly that we know about.

“I think for us, some of the orgies and massacres stand out more because we don’t have as many orgies and massacres now, or at least not publicly that we know about.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

11 / evaluation

Because we now think of proportional justice: the sentence for the crime should be this, and ideal justice is that everyone who is guilty of the crime gets that sentence.

“Because we now think of proportional justice: the sentence for the crime should be this, and ideal justice is that everyone who is guilty of the crime gets that sentence.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

12 / prediction

If I don’t manipulate the Church, my enemies may manipulate the Church, and then there’s danger.” This happens all the way up to the scale of kings, where popes can make your enemy the most powerful bishop in your kingdom or can deny you the right to marry, because inevitably the person you want to marry is a cousin, and you’re going to need a special dispensation to marry them.

“If I don’t manipulate the Church, my enemies may manipulate the Church, and then there’s danger.” This happens all the way up to the scale of kings, where popes can make your enemy the most powerful bishop in your kingdom or can deny you the right to marry, because inevitably the person you want to marry is a cousin, and you’re going to need a special dispensation to marry them.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

13 / prediction

They would never consider razing important parts of it to the ground. They would never consider threatening the Florentines with, “We will destroy your city walls,” or, “We will destroy your cathedral if you rebel.

“They would never consider razing important parts of it to the ground. They would never consider threatening the Florentines with, “We will destroy your city walls,” or, “We will destroy your cathedral if you rebel.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

15 / prediction

The funny thing is, I think we are entering a new era where that might be once again possible. It already is somewhat true, where at least half of the words I read on a given day are generated specifically for me and nobody else, because of AI.

“The funny thing is, I think we are entering a new era where that might be once again possible. It already is somewhat true, where at least half of the words I read on a given day are generated specifically for me and nobody else, because of AI.”
Speaker
Dwarkesh Patel
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

16 / evaluation

” The Inquisition immediately realized, this is a great way to get publishers on our side, to get authors on our side, and to get their bosses on our side, because we are protecting the book that is important to the duke because it’s dedicated to the duke, or it’s dedicated to his grandfather.

“” The Inquisition immediately realized, this is a great way to get publishers on our side, to get authors on our side, and to get their bosses on our side, because we are protecting the book that is important to the duke because it’s dedicated to the duke, or it’s dedicated to his grandfather.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

18 / evaluation

In the case of Florence, you’re going to send the most prominent citizen you can. So when Pope Sixtus was elected, it was Lorenzo de’ Medici himself—not the dedicatee of The Prince, the grandfather and namesake of the dedicatee of The Prince—who went to deliver this oration of obedience, which means literally prostrating yourself in front of the pope, literally kissing his feet, and giving this oath.

“In the case of Florence, you’re going to send the most prominent citizen you can. So when Pope Sixtus was elected, it was Lorenzo de’ Medici himself—not the dedicatee of The Prince, the grandfather and namesake of the dedicatee of The Prince—who went to deliver this oration of obedience, which means literally prostrating yourself in front of the pope, literally kissing his feet, and giving this oath.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

19 / evaluation

It makes no rational sense until we remember that they are serving the pope abstractly. So you get multiple situations where there’s a war between Rome and Florence over the fact that Florence wants to defend papal authority in papal lands against the pope itself, because that individual pope was from the anti-papal faction.

“It makes no rational sense until we remember that they are serving the pope abstractly. So you get multiple situations where there’s a war between Rome and Florence over the fact that Florence wants to defend papal authority in papal lands against the pope itself, because that individual pope was from the anti-papal faction.”
Speaker
Ada Palmer
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

20 / evaluation

I think one misconception of Machiavelli that I had, because I had not read these books before, is that he says the means don’t matter, the end matters.

“I think one misconception of Machiavelli that I had, because I had not read these books before, is that he says the means don’t matter, the end matters.”
Speaker
Dwarkesh Patel
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast
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