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Lenny's Podcast / episode intelligence

The coming AI security crisis (and what to do about it) | Sander Schulhoff

21 Dec 2025 17 published claims 2 attributable people

Speakers in the public record

Claim mix

evaluation 10belief 4prediction 2uncertainty 1

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The useful parts, with receipts.

17 published records

01 / evaluation

The hope the model just does a good enough job and not being tricked is fundamentally insufficient. And the only reason there hasn't been a massive attack yet is how early the adoption is, not because it's secured.

“The hope the model just does a good enough job and not being tricked is fundamentally insufficient. And the only reason there hasn't been a massive attack yet is how early the adoption is, not because it's secured.”
Speaker
Lenny Rachitsky
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

05 / belief

I think that's a really interesting point, even though it could... It's not great if you help support agents like Hitler is great, but your point is that that sucks.

“I think that's a really interesting point, even though it could... It's not great if you help support agents like Hitler is great, but your point is that that sucks.”
Speaker
Lenny Rachitsky
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

06 / belief

How these get found, how do they get implemented at companies. And I think the easiest way of thinking about it is like, I'm a CSO at some company we are a large enterprise.

“How these get found, how do they get implemented at companies. And I think the easiest way of thinking about it is like, I'm a CSO at some company we are a large enterprise.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

07 / belief

There are theoretically ways to train the eyes to be smarter, to be more adversarially robust, and we haven't really seen this yet, but there's this idea that if you start doing adversarial training in pre-training earlier in the training stack, so when the AI is a very, very small baby, you're being adversarial towards it and training it then, then it's more robust, but I think we haven't seen the resources really deployed to do that.

“There are theoretically ways to train the eyes to be smarter, to be more adversarially robust, and we haven't really seen this yet, but there's this idea that if you start doing adversarial training in pre-training earlier in the training stack, so when the AI is a very, very small baby, you're being adversarial towards it and training it then, then it's more robust, but I think we haven't seen the resources really deployed to do that.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

08 / evaluation

You'd never actually say this in practice because it's very difficult to estimate adversarial robustness because the search space here is massive, which we'll talk about soon.

“You'd never actually say this in practice because it's very difficult to estimate adversarial robustness because the search space here is massive, which we'll talk about soon.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

09 / evaluation

CAMEL can't really help because it's like, "Okay, I'm going to give you read email permissions and also send email permissions," and now this is enough for an attack to occur.

“CAMEL can't really help because it's like, "Okay, I'm going to give you read email permissions and also send email permissions," and now this is enough for an attack to occur.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

10 / prediction

It's kind of funny, because AI researchers are the only people who can solve this stuff long-term, but cybersecurity professionals are, they're the only ones who can kind of solve it short term, largely in making sure we deploy properly permission systems and nothing that could possibly do something very, very bad.

“It's kind of funny, because AI researchers are the only people who can solve this stuff long-term, but cybersecurity professionals are, they're the only ones who can kind of solve it short term, largely in making sure we deploy properly permission systems and nothing that could possibly do something very, very bad.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

11 / evaluation

I think another thing worth pointing out is looking at anthropic constitutional classifiers and other models, it does seem to be more difficult to elicit CBRN and other really harmful outputs from chatbots, but solving indirect prompt injection, which is basically prompt injection against agents done by external people on the internet is still very, very, very unsolved, and it's much more difficult to solve this problem than it is to stop CBRN elicitation, because with that kind of information, as one of my advisors just noted, it's easier to tell the model, "Never do this," than with emails and stuff, "Sometimes do this.

“I think another thing worth pointing out is looking at anthropic constitutional classifiers and other models, it does seem to be more difficult to elicit CBRN and other really harmful outputs from chatbots, but solving indirect prompt injection, which is basically prompt injection against agents done by external people on the internet is still very, very, very unsolved, and it's much more difficult to solve this problem than it is to stop CBRN elicitation, because with that kind of information, as one of my advisors just noted, it's easier to tell the model, "Never do this," than with emails and stuff, "Sometimes do this.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

13 / evaluation

Very interesting industry. And I'll quickly differentiate and separate out the Frontier Labs from the AI security industry because there's the Frontier Labs and some Frontier adjacent companies that are largely focused on research like pretty hardcore AI research.

“Very interesting industry. And I'll quickly differentiate and separate out the Frontier Labs from the AI security industry because there's the Frontier Labs and some Frontier adjacent companies that are largely focused on research like pretty hardcore AI research.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

14 / evaluation

Humans are adaptive attackers because they test stuff out and they see what works and they're like, "Okay, this prompt doesn't work, but this prompt does.

“Humans are adaptive attackers because they test stuff out and they see what works and they're like, "Okay, this prompt doesn't work, but this prompt does.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

15 / evaluation

I think you gave the perfect example with ServiceNow, and that's the reason that this stuff is so important to talk about right now because with chatbots, as you said, very limited damage outcomes that could occur, assuming they don't invent a new bioweapon or something like that.

“I think you gave the perfect example with ServiceNow, and that's the reason that this stuff is so important to talk about right now because with chatbots, as you said, very limited damage outcomes that could occur, assuming they don't invent a new bioweapon or something like that.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

16 / prediction

When it comes to AI security, the AI security industry in particular, I think we're going to see a market correction in the next year, maybe in the next six months, where companies realize that these guardrails don't work.

“When it comes to AI security, the AI security industry in particular, I think we're going to see a market correction in the next year, maybe in the next six months, where companies realize that these guardrails don't work.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast

17 / evaluation

If all you're doing is deploying chatbots that answer FAQs, help users to find stuff in your website, answer their questions with respect to some documents. It's not really an issue because your only concern there is a malicious user comes and, I don't know, maybe uses your chatbot to output hate speech or C-burn or say something bad, but they could go to ChatGPT or Claude or Gemini and do the exact same thing.

“If all you're doing is deploying chatbots that answer FAQs, help users to find stuff in your website, answer their questions with respect to some documents. It's not really an issue because your only concern there is a malicious user comes and, I don't know, maybe uses your chatbot to output hate speech or C-burn or say something bad, but they could go to ChatGPT or Claude or Gemini and do the exact same thing.”
Publisher
Lenny's Podcast
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