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Sergey Levine

Published podcast speaker

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18
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1
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1
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1

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hardware / uses

PR2

“when I started working in robotics in 2014, I used a very nice research robot called a PR2 that cost $400,000 to purchase. When I started my research lab at UC Berkeley, I bought robot arms that were $30,000. The robots that we are using now at Physical Intelligence, each arm costs about $3,000.”

Dwarkesh Podcast · 12 Sept 2025

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What Sergey said.

10 transcript-backed records

01 / evaluation

With driving, because of the dynamics of how it's set up, it's very hard to make a mistake, correct it and then learn from it because the mistakes themselves have significant ramifications.

“With driving, because of the dynamics of how it's set up, it's very hard to make a mistake, correct it and then learn from it because the mistakes themselves have significant ramifications.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

03 / evaluation

For the specifics of how we make that happen, that's a very long conversation that I'm probably not the most qualified to speak to. But in terms of the ingredients, the ingredient here that is important is that robots help with physical things, physical work.

“For the specifics of how we make that happen, that's a very long conversation that I'm probably not the most qualified to speak to. But in terms of the ingredients, the ingredient here that is important is that robots help with physical things, physical work.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

04 / evaluation

Those things can also be addressed with scaling. But we have to identify the right axes for that, which means figuring out what data to collect, what settings to collect it in, what methods consume that data, and how those methods work.

“Those things can also be addressed with scaling. But we have to identify the right axes for that, which means figuring out what data to collect, what settings to collect it in, what methods consume that data, and how those methods work.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

05 / evaluation

One theme here that is important to keep in mind is that the reason that those building blocks are so valuable is because the AI community has gotten a lot better at leveraging prior knowledge.

“One theme here that is important to keep in mind is that the reason that those building blocks are so valuable is because the AI community has gotten a lot better at leveraging prior knowledge.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

06 / evaluation

Meaning the things that we take for granted—like picking up objects, seeing, perceiving the world, all that stuff—those are all the hard problems in AI.

“Meaning the things that we take for granted—like picking up objects, seeing, perceiving the world, all that stuff—those are all the hard problems in AI.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

07 / evaluation

In a sense, what you said is quite right in that a very powerful AI system can simulate a lot of stuff. But also at that point it almost doesn't matter because, viewed as a black box, what's going on with that system is that information comes in and capability comes out.

“In a sense, what you said is quite right in that a very powerful AI system can simulate a lot of stuff. But also at that point it almost doesn't matter because, viewed as a black box, what's going on with that system is that information comes in and capability comes out.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

09 / evaluation

Everybody who's deploying an LLM is of course going to look at what it's doing and it's going to use that to then modify its behavior. It's complex because it comes back to this question of representations and figuring out the right way to derive supervision signals and ground those supervision signals in the behavior of the system so that it improves on what you want.

“Everybody who's deploying an LLM is of course going to look at what it's doing and it's going to use that to then modify its behavior. It's complex because it comes back to this question of representations and figuring out the right way to derive supervision signals and ground those supervision signals in the behavior of the system so that it improves on what you want.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast

10 / evaluation

Mentions personal use of PR2.

“when I started working in robotics in 2014, I used a very nice research robot called a PR2 that cost $400,000 to purchase. When I started my research lab at UC Berkeley, I bought robot arms that were $30,000. The robots that we are using now at Physical Intelligence, each arm costs about $3,000.”
Speaker
Sergey Levine
Publisher
Dwarkesh Podcast
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