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6 May 2026 Lex Fridman Podcast #496 – FFmpeg: The Incredible Technology Behind Video on the Internet

“One of the coolest communities in open source multimedia, mainly led by someone called Dave Rice, I’ll give him a shout-out, I think from City University of New York, is the archiving community.”

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Speaker unverified
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Not verified from this transcript
Claim type
belief
Recorded
6 May 2026
Publisher
Lex Fridman Podcast

Transcript context

…That’s beautiful. Kieran, you said that there’s an active archiving preservation community? I think that’s super fascinating. You wrote that they’re stretched in budget, but they see the extreme importance of FFmpeg as a Rosetta Stone so that multimedia can be played a thousand years from now. I mean, that’s a beautiful way to see FFmpeg and VLC as a tool for preserving visual knowledge. Yes, that’s right. One of the coolest communities in open source multimedia, mainly led by someone called Dave Rice, I’ll give him a shout-out, I think from City University of New York, is the archiving community. They’ve done so much stuff. They value open source, one, because yes, they lack budgets, but two, they see the fact that archiving video is important for the world, and being able to play that is a big problem. Famously in the UK, there was something called the New Domesday Book, and they archived lots of stuff on BBC microcomputers. Within 10 to 15 years, no one had the right software to play that. I think it was 20 years or something like that, and someone had to go and reverse engineer this, and that was like 20 years. Imagine that in a thousand years. I think one of the great things about FFmpeg is it’s written in C. C is the closest to mathematics you’re probably gonna get. The closest to logic is- Do you think in 1,000 years we’d still have C compilers? Yes. We have languages that exist that haven’t changed too much. We have mathematical notation that exists. It will be like Latin. C will be like Latin. It will be a thing that you learn from the past, but it will still be usable in certain contexts. So the archiving community are really great practically. They, again, limited funds. They funded the development of the FFV1 codec, so that’s a lossless codec. So the archiving community is really scared about the act of compression losing things, and they have a fair point in this, you know. If they compress too hard, it could change the view of the material. There could be something slightly different here and there, so they’re really concerned about things. They need to be not just compressed well, but lossless and be fast. And so they worked with FFmpeg to develop a whole new codec designed for fast software-based encoding. They’re really concerned about resilience, so if they’re storing on tapes or other hard disks, I lose some bits, I need to recover quickly. I can’t lose a whole GOP because I’ve lost a bit- … something like that. So they’re a really great bunch of people. They funded GPU encoding in FFmpeg to make FFV1 encode faster. And it’s really about preserving the world’s multimedia heritage in a way that’s usable, and there’s a lot of great teams and a lot of archival groups across the world who’ve chosen FFmpeg and FFV1 as their archiving solution. And they can really provide us also super specialist advice. They can- … explain, “Ah, in the 1950s, colorimetry was done like this on this certain type of tape, and so there is this special case that you need to handle, and you’ll never get this anywhere else.” You see, they know things on video that we don’t. Like, every time I talk to, was it Dave- Dave Rice … or, or the people from the British, uh- British Film, uh … Film, it’s just like every time I just learn something new, and I’ve been doing video for 20 years. They have, especially on colorimetry and colors. the people from the British, uh- British Film, uh … Film, it’s just like every time I just learn something new, and I’ve been doing video for 20 years. They have, especially on colorimetry and colors. Storage, these other things.…

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